As a result, psychological interventions are increasingly in demand by health organisations, educational providers, workforces, and governments looking at wellbeing initiatives. The preference for experiences over possessions: Measurement and construct validation of the Experiential Buying Tendency Scale. Gratitude interventions are categorized into two parts: No matter what type of practice we follow, gratitude interventions have proven benefits in increasing happiness and satisfaction (Wood, Froh, & Geraghty, 2010). The development of a personalised plan and a focus on implementation means this process is couched in a language of experimentation, where participants try out multiple activities and adjust their plan based on trial-and-error, as they determine which activities work for them, both from a likeability perspective and from their ability to improve the outcome they decided to work on (Proyer et al., 2015). As Colette had beautifully put it. London: Whurr Publishers. By filling out your name and email address below. Deux sessions d'intervention ont été proposées. Toward an integration of subjective well-being and psychopathology. doi: 10.4108/icst.pervasivehealth.2011.246004, Teismann, T., Brailovskaia, J., Siegmann, P., Nyhuis, P., Wolter, M., and Willutzki, U. BCTs are theoretical strategies (e.g., goal setting, modelling, and active learning) that have been empirically proven to be able to change individual behaviour. Ther. doi: 10.1097/00001504-200503000-00013, Peter, T., Roberts, L. W., and Dengate, J. Step 2 required the project team to create programme outcomes based on the needs analysis and the logic model. Merely requesting researchers to explain that their intervention was based on for instance CBT-based principles or the Theory of Planned Behaviour does not provide sufficient details about the exact design principle of intervention components. This group was crucial in informing and validating each of the IM steps, such as the exact objectives of the programme. In combination with the exploration of different evidence-based mental health activities from various therapeutic backgrounds, the programme teaches individuals to create a personalised mental health and wellbeing plan. 110, 23–26. Psychol. Sex. For instance, by improving outcomes of wellbeing, they can both increase the likelihood of recovery from mental illness or can prevent the onset of illness in the future (Keyes et al., 2010; Wood and Joseph, 2010; Grant et al., 2013; Lamers et al., 2015; Iasiello et al., 2019). Green, S., Robinson, P. L., and Oades, L. G. (2011). Studies have shown that happiness and kindness go hand in hand and complement each other (Aknin, Dunn, & Norton, 2012). The popular mindfulness-based PPIs include activities like sensory awareness, guided meditation, breath control, and careful observation. Dif. Zusammenfassung. Affect. Im Gegensatz zu Informationsangeboten wird in online-basierten Interventionen nicht nur Wissen vermittelt, sondern auch mithilfe von bewährten psychologischen/psycho- therapeutischen Techniken. Next, imagine each name on the list and in your heart, say ‘. Are there books that cover PPIs broadly? (2011). T. B., Kashdan & J. V., Ciarrochi (Eds.). Behavioural and environmental outcomes, and performance objectives (PO) for Complete Mental Health. If you are a coach or therapist, you may find value in applying different combinations of interventions with your clients. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of the stakeholder group participants including Monique Newberry, Marissa Carey, Kim Seow, Stuart Freebairn, Michael Musker, Laura Lo, Jonathan Bartholomaeus, Emma Steains, Karen Reilly, Alison Jones, Jodie Zada, Kate Ridley, Renae Summers, Martin Evans, Yukiya Wake, Louise Roberts, Vanessa Ryan, and Bree Scharber. setzt Diagnostik voraus. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2013.848409, Pino, C., Boutron, I., and Ravaud, P. (2012). A study by Vera Roos and Ronette Zaaiman (2017) on active aging revealed that older people who were guided to look into the brighter sides of life and motivated to live the rest of their lives with dignity and joy survived diseases and losses better than others. According to this new positive psychology paradigm, individuals were encouraged to work with their inner strengths to promote flourishing and the optimal functioning of people, groups, and institutions (Gable & Haidt, 2005). Nutr. The role of the facilitator throughout the sessions is to model how to use the activity finders, allowing participants to master different ways to tailor activities to their needs. Y., De Bruin, M., and Crutzen, R. (2015). While tailoring to group-needs is a right step in the direction, it is still removed from addressing the needs and preferences of individuals within each population group (Schork, 2015). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: a review of empirical studies. Kapitel 10: Diagnostik in der Klinischen Psychologie; Kapitel 11: Diagnostik und Intervention in weiteren Anwendungsfeldern Kapitel 1: Einleitung. Am. Flourishing among sexual minority individuals: application of the dual continuum model of mental health in a sample of lesbians and gay men. (2017). Savoring Beliefs Inventory (SBI): A scale for measuring beliefs about savoring. Stimulating small positive change in our social environment can lead to improved mental health (Kawachi and Berkman, 2001; Santini et al., 2015; Verduyn et al., 2017). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons. Thank you so much. Consult. Grant, A. M. (2008). Y., Mullen, P. D., Parcel, G. S., Ruiter, R. A. C., et al. J. Posit. Neff, K. D., Kirkpatrick, K. L., and Rude, S. S. (2007). The thinking behind the exercise is that most of us have never deliberately thought about what makes for a good day. Interventionen werden in nahezu jeder Fachrichtung durchgeführt, etwa in der Medizin, Therapie, Sozialarbeit, Pädagogik, Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Coaching und vielen mehr. 12, 110–118. © 2023 PositivePsychology.com B.V. 56, 250–263. Psychological interventions such as CBT, ACT and mindfulness in addition to be effective for outcomes of mental illness (Hofmann et al., 2012; Öst, 2014; Goldberg et al., 2018) have joined this list in being able to improve outcomes of mental wellbeing, in addition to being effective for distress. The ultimate effectiveness of programmes that are designed, developed and implemented within short periods of time without adequate methodological considerations, may however be suboptimal in their ability to change outcomes and limit our ability to advance psychological science and improve mental health research. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2013.07.002, Taylor, A., Godden, D., Aitken, A., Colligan, J., and Wilson, R. (2011). doi: 10.1037/sgd0000210, Bartholomaeus, J., Van Agteren, J., Iasiello, M., and Jarden, A. Personalized medicine: time for one-person trials. Avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research evidence. Two studies have, at time of writing this manuscript, been completed, with further studies underway. 12:648678. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648678. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029954, Oddy, W. H., Robinson, M., Ambrosini, G. L., Therese, A. O., de Klerk, N. H., Beilin, L. J., et al. ), are supported by a robust evidence-base, and highlight the malleability of mental health. The programme was designed to be delivered without the clear requirement of clinical staff, with the programme utilising a Train-the-Trainer methodology to ensure reach and scalability (Pearce et al., 2012). A more detailed approach, via the use of taxonomies and ontologies to break down intervention components into active building blocks, is becoming more frequent (Larsen et al., 2017). Personalized telehealth in the future: a global research agenda. Social well-being. J. Contin. gesundheitspsychologischen Fertigkeiten in den Bereichen Diagnostik, Prävention und Intervention Gesellschaftlich hoch relevante Themen werden aufgegriffen, z. (2017). Evidence for effective interventions to reduce mental-health-related stigma and discrimination. doi: 10.1023/A:1022848001938, Windle, G. (2014). Diagnostik soll zur Intervention führen, Intervention. J. Behav. Psychother. Thanks for bringing this to our attention the reference is as follows (and we’ll get this added to the reference list): Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. Vorlesung: Definition und Formen psychologischer Intervention. Psychol. J. Psychiatry 206, 456–460. Jungk, R., Unser Rechtsstaat. Improving outcomes of mental wellbeing is a protective factor against the onset of mental illness (Keyes et al., 2010; Iasiello et al., 2019), aids in disease recovery and chronic disease self-management and is associated with improved health service utilisation (Lamers et al., 2012; Slade et al., 2017). 24, 319–325. Using PPIs at the workplace promote a healthier and better performance culture. doi: 10.1037/hea0000387, Shiffman, S., Stone, A. Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. (Hg. Health 59, S49–S60. Others may comprise just a single activity that a person can choose to complete independently. 32, 467–481. BMC Public Health 7:141. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-141, Wollburg, E., and Braukhaus, C. (2010). Positive psychology interventions: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Psychol. The review focuses on our strengths, our achievements, and all the fruitful aspects of our lives so far. Table 1. Positive psychotherapy. After determining the problem that needs to be addressed, IM continuous to delineate what needs to change to solve the problem. The relationship between dietary intake and the six dimensions of wellness in older adults. It is a gentle way of reminding us that life isn’t all about adding glories and abandoning pains. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794942.003.0036, Greenspoon, P. J., and Saklofske, D. H. (2001). Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) are becoming more popular and more powerful resources for the treatment and prevention of depression and anxiety due to advances in technological capacity and analytic sophistication. A program to increase happiness: further studies. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.051, Schroder, H. S., Yalch, M. M., Dawood, S., Callahan, C. P., Donnellan, M. B., and Moser, J. S. (2017). ): Psychologie. Unlike general psychology interventions that target to bring about a change at a cognitive or affective level, PPIs are directed towards improving on what is already there inside us. Disord. There is however general agreement that optimal mental health does not equate to a mere absence of symptoms of mental illness as it also requires participants to demonstrate high levels of mental wellbeing, e.g., finding meaning in life, working on positive relationships, and building positive emotions (Jahoda, 1958; Smith, 1959; Fontana et al., 1980; Wilkinson and Walford, 1998; Greenspoon and Saklofske, 2001; Keyes, 2003, 2005; Suldo and Shaffer, 2008). Positive mental health in outpatients with affective disorders: associations with life satisfaction and general functioning. The health benefits of writing about life goals. 1.1), - Beispiele zur Entstehungsgeschichte (Kap. Rev. In: Psychologie und Gesellschaftskritik Nr. : Klinkhardt 1984. 36, 427–440. Secondly, it is underpinned by findings and data (published and unpublished) from previous wellbeing studies our research group conducted across population groups including in the general community, within workforces such as health professionals, with older adults, carers, and disadvantaged youths (Raymond et al., 2018, 2019; van Agteren et al., 2018a; Bartholomaeus et al., 2019). J. doi: 10.1002/chp.21148, Penedo, F. J., and Dahn, J. R. (2005). Personality and. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.95, Keyes, C. L. M., Dhingra, S. S., and Simoes, E. J. Inhalt Interventionen können in den verschiedensten Lebensbereichen notwendig werden, um Konflikte zu verhindern oder falsche Verhaltensweisen zu ändern. The TDF is a framework that synthesises 14 unique determinants (e.g., knowledge, skills, and beliefs) stemming from 33 behaviour change and implementation theories. Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources. The Antidepressant Skills Workbook (ASW) is a collection of all the essential strategies that help in fighting and overcoming depression. doi: 10.1080/00461520.2011.610678. Her research on youth happiness in educational institutions emphasized on the use of positive psychology interventions for fostering student happiness and joy (Suldo, 2016). Am. Psychol. “The self in psychological disorders: and introduction,” in The Self in Understanding and Treating Psychological Disorders, eds M. Kyrios, R. Moulding, G. Doron, S. Bhar, M. Nedeljkovic, and M. Mikulincer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 25–37. Gen. Psychol. 1. J. Appl. J. By using assessments like Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Steen Happiness Index (SHI), and Centre for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale (CES-D), the research established the correlation between PPIs and emotional prosperity (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999). Lukesch, H./Perrez, M./Schneewind, K.A. The programme contains an online assessment to build awareness about one’s mental health status. From there, researchers like Murray (2000), Vaillant (2000), and Csikszentmihalyi (1975) flourished and extended the scope of the science of happiness to understand how positive emotions and a strong character helps us to lead better lives. Effectiveness of positive psychology interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The team followed the general structure for logic models as set out in IM and the PRECEDE-PROCEED model (Green and Kreuter, 1999). Positive psychology is secular in all aspects. Ther. Meaning-oriented PPIs include activities like finding meaning in our daily activities, setting realistic goals and employing effective means to achieve them, or just reflecting on our thoughts and emotions (Grant, 2008). Better living through perspective taking. The impact of changing attitudes, norms, and self-efficacy on health-related intentions and behavior: a meta-analysis. The scores of these interventions indicate the happiness level of the respondents and indicate how positive interventions impact them. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. Keyes, C. L., Fredrickson, B. L., & Park, N. (2012). Transl. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Preliminary findings of a randomised controlled study are replicating the positive findings of the first study, with a manuscript currently being prepared. Holistic serenity: Transcending the stresses of leadership. Sin and Lyubomirsky (2009) defined PPI as a psychological intervention that primarily focuses on raising positive feelings, positive thoughts, and positive behavior. Employees without a cause: The motivational effects of prosocial impact in public service. Psychol. : Lambertus 1979. 38, 287–303. Steve Maraboli said, “If you want to find happiness, find gratitude” – which is precisely the target of gratitude-based positive psychology interventions. Available from the Positive Psychology Toolkit©, this exercise helps users generate new insights about what makes for a good day and set new goals to strengthen daily wellbeing. doi: 10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1, Hofmann, S. G., and Hayes, S. C. (2019). BMC Psychiatry 14:272. doi: 10.1186/s12888-014-0272-1. Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. Med. Does reverse causality explain the relationship between diet and depression? Dif. (2014). Inclusion of, at minimum, rudimentary techniques that could be used to stimulate positive health behaviours was deemed necessary for our intervention. Internet Res. Next, ask yourself what you can do to get to that stage in life, and journal your responses. In search of realistic optimism: meaning, knowledge, and warm fuzziness. In: Psychologie und Gesellschaftskritik Nr. (2018). This is a very popular workplace related PPI, where the participants are encouraged to spend some time brainstorming and pursuing their passion project. (2008). (2015). Im darauffolgenden Abschnitt werden Forschungsergebnisse zusammengefasst, bevor die Brücke zum Psychodrama geschlagen wird. This strategy aims to facilitate a connection between facilitators and participants, in alignment with the importance of the therapeutic relationship in psychological interventions (Clarkson, 2003). The. Health 74, 59–65. Evaluation and statistical analysis showed a marked reduction in the scores of BDI and other depression scales after treating participants with positive psychology interventions. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2010.192245, Kinderman, P., Tai, S., Pontin, E., Schwannauer, M., Jarman, I., and Lisboa, P. (2015). The significant findings were dependent on the specific target population (e.g., clinical versus non-clinical populations) and other moderators, most notably intervention intensity. 260, 343–345. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. By doing so, IM provides a specific methodology to improve attempts at reproducibility and replicability, following other positive developments in reporting standards for interventions and research. Mov. Handbook of Well-Being. Pers. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.01.016, Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., and Peterson, C. (2005). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in The fourth principle taught in each session is the basics behind planning and habit formation. Protoc. 12:77. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0605-9, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Bariola, E., Lyons, A., and Lucke, J. Psychol. Social exclusion, social support and psychological wellbeing at school: a study of mediation and moderation effect. Another interesting optimism oriented PPI is the Life Summary technique that was administered by Seligman, Rashid, and Parks in 2006. Psychol. Immerse yourself into that imagined self of yours and try to impersonate the happiness and positivity that you think you might feel then. A brief description of the evaluation approach is provided in the discussion of this manuscript. Dietary patterns and depressive symptoms among Japanese men and women. Rather than arbitrarily coming up with determinants that we wished to change, we relied on the Theoretical Domains Framework (Cane et al., 2012) to guide our choice. 78, 169–183. Considering this interest, the individual and societal benefits of improving wellbeing, and fair criticism that have been drawn toward the lack of rigour in wellbeing research (Heintzelman and Kushlev, 2020), it is important to adequately describe the development of any interventions aimed at improving outcomes of mental wellbeing (Diener, 2003; Gable and Haidt, 2005; Kristjánsson, 2012). 42, 279–288. Using the precede-proceed model to apply health behavior theories. Ann Arbor, MI: Dartmouth College. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103-110. (2016). Examples of the programme content described in the table can be found in Supplementary Appendix 1. The project team subsequently set out to construct a logic model for the intervention based on the findings from the needs analysis, see Figure 2. The model merely serves to outline the variability of behaviours and determinants that influence wellbeing and resilience using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model outline. Freiburg i.Br. Resilient futures: an individual and system-level approach to improve the well-being and resilience of disadvantaged young Australians. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.86, Naslund, J., Aschbrenner, K., Marsch, L., and Bartels, S. (2016). Active ageing as positive intervention: Some unintended consequences. Passport program is used in schools, training, and workshops for adolescents, usually in grades 9-12. Figure 1. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. doi: 10.1080/13811110701403916, Santini, Z. I., Koyanagi, A., Tyrovolas, S., Mason, C., and Haro, J. M. (2015). Today, these interventions are being widely used in fields such as mindfulness, life coaching, relationship counseling, and general psychotherapy as well. Hodges, S. D., Clark, B. For example, when if a person who has been diagnosed having OCD seeks positive CBT, the therapist, besides working on reducing his obsessive ideations, will also pay equal attention to the positive sides (loving nature, communicative, insightful, etc.) According to them, positive psychology interventions are the ones that: There are many different types of positive psychology interventions, all of which vary in their purpose and complexity. Interventions for adolescent mental health: an overview of systematic reviews. The role of intervention mapping in designing disease prevention interventions: a systematic review of the literature. thank u 🙂. A recent systematic review conducted by authors of the current article examined 419 studies (n = 53,288 included in meta-analysis) which clearly demonstrated their impact in both healthy populations and populations with mental illness or physical illness (van Agteren et al., 2021b). Rev. Keegan, L., & Barrere, C. (2009). Divers. Don’t forget to download our three Positive Psychology Exercises for free. Wambach, M.M. The works of Kabat-Zinn manifested how mindfulness fosters happiness and awareness. Während sie in der Psychologie oft nur eine Person betrifft, kann sie in der Politik ganze Länder betreffen. Secondly, these outcomes were subsequently broken into sub-objectives called performance objectives (e.g., demonstrates knowledge on how to improve mental health). A beautiful positive psychology intervention that we can follow as a daily practice and imbibe into our personality is the art of forgiving. Psychother. Rogers, C. R. (1951). 6:42. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-6-42, Michie, S., Ashford, S., Sniehotta, F. F., Dombrowski, S. U., Bishop, A., and French, D. P. (2011a). Clin. Glad you enjoyed the post! Journal of counseling psychology, 30(4), 483-498. The study conducted on student happiness by Lea Waters (2017) is noteworthy here. Wellbeing, Recovery and Mental Health. Sin, N. L., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Affect. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.037, Iasiello, M., van Agteren, J., Keyes, C. L. M., and Cochrane, E. M. (2019). What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? “The role of positive psychology in creating the psychologically literate citizen,” in The Psychologically Literate Citizen: Foundations and Global Perspectives, eds J. Cranney and D. S. Dunn (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Each session relies on four key components. Hope inducing interventions like motivational speeches and one on one coaching sessions. Heintzelman, S. J., and Kushlev, K. (2020). * Jungk, R.*—, Der Atomstaat. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.020, Davydov, D. M., Stewart, R., Ritchie, K., and Chaudieu, I. Frankfurt/M. Exp. Disord. J. Bodyw. Bad Heilbrunn/ Obb. Kardorff, E. von/Projektgruppe für Sozialforschung, Soziale Kontrolle durch Psychologie und Psychologen. Supporting material underpinning the needs analysis can be found in Supplementary Appendix 1. Firstly, stimulating positive change related to our physical health will be beneficial to our mental health, as both are intrinsically linked, which is demonstrated by a considerable body of scientific evidence on the importance of health promotive factors such as physical activity, nutrition and sleep, all of which can be positively addressed using behavioural interventions (Valois et al., 2004; Penedo and Dahn, 2005; Chu and Richdale, 2009; Deslandes et al., 2009; Oddy et al., 2009; Rethorst et al., 2009; Nanri et al., 2010; Gradisar et al., 2011; Rienks et al., 2013; Bernert et al., 2014; Dalton and Logomarsino, 2014; Jacka et al., 2015). ): Familiäre Sozialisation und Intervention. BMC Res. Think of a family member you admire and mention why, Mention one strength that your friend has, Write about someone who has struggled in life and have come out of it successfully, For the person you mentioned above, write about the skills that you think helped him fight stress and get his happiness back. 4, 1–32. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410, Seow, L. S. E., Vaingankar, J. You were so kind and generous to have shared links to free workbooks and resources. Savoring interventions focus on a particular experience and aim to enhance their effects for maximizing happiness (Peterson, 2006). (2017). Nutr. Occupational stress: Toward a more integrated framework. The key objective was to get participants to change their behaviour by actively engaging in evidence-based activities. 45, 11–27. (2010). Yoga and mental health: a review. Hi is it possible to get all the references please? The research work presented by Seligman and Peterson revealed the impact of PPIs on happiness levels and positive responses. J. For instance, technology can help guide activity recommendations based on an individual’s response to scientific questionnaires for mental health and wellbeing. J. Clin. The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate how positive thinking influenced coping strategies and helped the patients battle their disease with resilience.